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　　在新托福阅览考试傍边，扫除题(Negative Information Questions)呈现的几率不是最高的，但假如不熟悉这种题型的命题思路，很可能会耽误很多的答题时刻。现在就扫除题经常呈现的几种答题思路做以下解析。

　　我们大体能够把扫除题分为三个调查方向：

　　1 对最基本的细节信息了解的调查。

　　2 对事情开展程序了解的调查。

　　3 对文章或阶段主题抓取才干的调查。

　　1对最基本的细节信息的调查

　　能够用更简略的说法： 从词中选。 所谓从词中选，就是能够在文章中找到几个名词，他们摆放存在，一起构成某一事情的一切细节。这时候，命题者会提取出其中三个，并在文章别处或许自编一个跟本事情并无联系的名词(词组)。

　　请看下面的比如：

　　In 1943, the federal government imposed rent controls to help solve the problem of housing shortages during wartime. The federal program ended after the war, but in some locations, including NY, controls continued. Under NY’s controls, a landlord generally cannot raise rents on apartments as long as the tenants continue to renew their leases. In places as Santa Monica, California, rent controls are more recent. They were spurred by inflation of the 1970’s, which combined with California’s rapid population growth, pushed housing prices, as well as rents, to record levels.

　　Which of the following was NOT a reason for the introduction of rent controls in Santa Monica, California?

　　A.Rapid population growth

　　B.Inflation

　　C.Economic conditions during wartime

　　D.Record-high housing prices

　　在这道扫除题中，因为四个选项供给的信息都是用名词词组，我们能够判定，阶段中一定存在其中三个词组，而题干中又呈现地名Santa Monica, California. 故可将此地名作为要害词，锁定答案所在语句，然后逐个扫除。 而……as Santa Monica, California, rent controls are more recent. They were spurred by inflation of the 1970’s, which combined with California’s rapid population growth, pushed housing prices, ……. 这句话傍边别离说到了A, B, D三个答案，所以答案为C.

　　2对事情开展程序了解的调查

　　这类扫除题，也能够叫做------从句中选。即考题所供给的答案均为相对比较完好的语句，那么其中有三句话，一定是表达了整个事情开展比较要害的几个过程，只有一句话与此过程相悖。这类扫除题一般比较消耗时刻，考生需求精确判别其事情开展过程，乃至要通读全段，才干找出正确选项。这儿，我给我们供给一种在很大程度上节省时刻的办法------点对点寻觅。请看下面的比如：

　　The sauce that is today called ketchup (or catsup) in western cultures is a tomato-based sauce that is quite distinct from the eastern ancestors of this product. A sauce called ke-tiap was in use in China at least as early as the seventeenth century but the Chinese version of sauce was made of pickled fish, shellfish, and spices. The popularity of this Chinese sauce spread to Singapore and Malaysia where it was called kechap. The Indonesia sauce ketjab drives its name from the same sauce as Malaysian sauce but is made from very different ingredients. The Indonesian ketjab is made by cooking black soy beans, fermenting them, placing them in salt brine for at least a week, cooking the resulting solution further, and sweetening it heavily; this process results in a dark, thick, and sweet variation of soy sauce.

　　It is NOT stated in paragraph 1 that

　　A.the Chinese sauce was in existence in 17th century

　　B.the Malaysian sauce was similar to the Chinese sauce

　　C.the Chinese sauce was made from seafood and spices

　　D.the Indonesian sauce was similar to the Chinese sauce

　　关于这道题，题干中没有任何指示性的词汇，我们无法判别是从事情的哪个阶段下手，那么就只能每个答案逐个扫除。仔细阅览A选项，然后发现A选项中有17th century， 故能够将其作为要害头绪，去文中寻觅，……called ke-tiap was in use in China at least as early as the seventeenth century…… 文中的这句话标明A不能作为正确答案。那么持续看B， B选项中一起说到Malaysian 与Chinese. 则能够到文中去寻觅两个国籍名词一起呈现的语句，经过判别，…… this Chinese sauce spread to Singapore and Malaysia where it was called kechap. 这句话标明，B也不能作为正确答案。持续看C，C 选项傍边有Chinese, 还有seafood and spices，所以锁定文中语句……the Chinese version of sauce was made of pickled fish, shellfish, and spices……, 故C也不是正确选项。至此，我们能够直接挑选D作为扫除选项。

　　3对文章或阶段主题抓取才干的调查

　　答题时留意看每个选项，尤其是当选项中呈现了在该阶段中没有的词句时，就能够考虑可能会有某个选项跟本段乃至整片文章的主题是相悖的。请看下面例题：

　　Decades before this disaster, environmentalist had predicted just such an enormous oil spill in this area because of the treacherous nature of the waters due to the submerged reefs, icebergs, and violent storms there. They had urged that oil be transported to the continental United States by land-based pipeline rather than by oil tanker or by undersea pipeline to reduce the potential damage to the environment posed by the threat of an oil spill.

　　Which point is NOT made by the environmentalist mentioned in paragraph 2?

　　A.That a huge oil spill in the waters off Alaska was possible.

　　B.That the waters off the coast of Alaska were dangerous for ships.

　　C.That oil tanker should not be used to transport oil from Alaska.

　　D.That an undersea pipeline was preferable to a land-based pipeline.

　　这道题题干中说到的environmentalist是整个该段的主语，故不能作为要害信息词。而发现A. C.中的Alaska， 都在阶段中没有说到。所以能够考虑某个答案与主题相悖。这类标题，也能够多重视阶段中是否有表示转机的词汇，例如but, instead of, however, rather than. 所以，稍加阅览后，发现……land-based pipeline rather than by oil tanker or by undersea pipeline…… 这句话傍边呈现rather than, 锁定D选项中相同的话语，刚好与原文观念相反，所以挑选D.

　   以上就是辛达代报为同学们带来的文章，期望你们可以获得了自己想要的信息。最后，辛达代报预祝广大考生早日实现梦想，飞跃重洋！